century

英 ['sentʃʊrɪ] 美 ['sɛntʃəri]

century 世纪

一自词根cent, 百。-ury, 名词后缀。

century: century: [16] Latin centuria meant ‘group of one hundred’ (it was a derivative of centum ‘hundred’). Among the specialized applications of this general sense, the most familiar to us today is that of a division of the Roman army consisting originally of a hundred soldiers (the title of its commander, centurion [14] – Latin centuriō – derives from centuria). When English took the word over, however, it put it to other uses: it was first applied to ‘period of 100 years’ in the early 17th century, while ‘score of 100 or more in cricket’ comes from the mid 19th century.
=> cent, centurion
century (n.): 1530s, "one hundred (of anything)," from Latin centuria "group of one hundred" of things of one kind (including a measure of land and a division of the Roman army, one-sixteenth of a legion, headed by a centurion), from centum "hundred" (see hundred) on analogy of decuria "a company of ten."

Used in Middle English from late 14c. as a division of land, from Roman use. The Modern English meaning is attested from 1650s, short for century of years (1620s). The older, general sense is preserved in the meaning "score of 100 points" in cricket and some other sports. Related: Centurial.

1. The first British attempt to colonize Ireland was in the twelfth century.: 英国最早尝试在爱尔兰开拓殖民地是在12世纪。

3. The greatest polemicist of the 20th century must be Leon Trotsky.: 20世纪最了不起的辩论家非列昂·托洛茨基莫属。

4. Why were spices so highly valued in late 15th-century Europe?: 为什么香料在15世纪末期的欧洲如此贵重？

5. The eighteenth-century Admiralty had few coercive powers over its officers.: 18世纪的英国海军部对其军官没有什么强制力。