iron

• n. 熨斗；烙铁；坚强
• vt. 熨；用铁铸成
• adj. 铁的；残酷的；刚强的
• vi. 熨衣；烫平
• n. (Iron)人名；(英)艾恩

来自古英语isaern,铁，铁制品，铁制武器，来自PIE*eis,坚硬的，坚固的。部分词源学家进一步推测来自PIE*h1esh2r,血，词源同sanguine,血红色。由血引申词义血红，铁水，铁。同时，由于血在古代观念中的神圣含义，引申词义神圣的，强烈的感情，衍生ire,estrus,hieratic等。参照blood,bless.

iron

iron: [OE] Iron is probably a Celtic contribution to English, but the borrowing took place in the prehistoric period, before the Germanic dialects separated, and so English shares the word with German (eisen), Dutch (ijzen), Swedish (järn), etc. The prehistoric Celtic form from which these all ultimately came was *īsarnon, which some have linked with Latin aes ‘bronze’ and Sanskrit isira- ‘strong’. The ancient Indo- European peoples had already split up into groups speaking mutually unintelligible tongues by the time iron came into general use, so there was never any common Indo-European term for it.

iron (n.)

Old English isærn (with Middle English rhotacism of -s-) "the metal iron; an iron weapon," from Proto-Germanic *isarnan (cognates: Old Saxon isarn, Old Norse isarn, Middle Dutch iser, Old High German isarn, German Eisen) "holy metal" or "strong metal" (in contrast to softer bronze) probably an early borrowing of Celtic *isarnon (compare Old Irish iarn, Welsh haiarn), from PIE *is-(e)ro- "powerful, holy," from PIE *eis "strong" (cognates: Sanskrit isirah "vigorous, strong," Greek ieros "strong").

Right so as whil that Iren is hoot men sholden smyte. [Chaucer, c. 1386]

Chemical symbol Fe is from the Latin word for the metal, ferrum (see ferro-). Meaning "metal device used to press or smooth clothes" is from 1610s. The adjective is Old English iren, isern. To have (too) many irons in the fire "to be doing too much at once" is from 1540s. Iron lung "artificial respiration tank" is from 1932.

iron (v.)

c. 1400, irenen, "to make of iron," from iron (n.). Meaning "press clothes" (with a heated flat-iron) is recorded from 1670s. Related: Ironed; ironing.

1. The small churchyard was surrounded by a rusted wrought-iron fence.

不大的教堂墓地周边围着一圈生锈的熟铁栅栏。

来自柯林斯例句

2. They would have to offer cast-iron guarantees to invest in long-term projects.

他们需提供绝对可靠的担保，才能投资长期项目。

来自柯林斯例句

3. The rattan and wrought-iron chair pictured here costs £125.

这张图片中的铁艺藤椅要价125英镑。

来自柯林斯例句

4. Mills have iron pillars all over the place holding up the roof.

工厂里四处都立有铁柱支撑着房顶。

来自柯林斯例句

5. He went to prison for receiving stolen scrap iron.

他因为收购偷来的废铁而入狱。

来自柯林斯例句