suicide

英 ['s(j)uːɪsaɪd] 美 ['suɪsaɪd]

suicide 自杀

来自拉丁语 suicidium,自杀，来自 sui,自己的，词源同 self,-cid,杀，词源同 herbicide,homicide.

suicide (n.): "deliberate killing of oneself," 1650s, from Modern Latin suicidium "suicide," from Latin sui "of oneself" (genitive of se "self"), from PIE *s(u)w-o- "one's own," from root *s(w)e- (see idiom) + -cidium "a killing" (see -cide). Probably an English coinage; much maligned by Latin purists because it "may as well seem to participate of sus, a sow, as of the pronoun sui" [Phillips]. The meaning "person who kills himself deliberately" is from 1728. In Anglo-Latin, the term for "one who commits suicide" was felo-de-se, literally "one guilty concerning himself."
Even in 1749, in the full blaze of the philosophic movement, we find a suicide named Portier dragged through the streets of Paris with his face to the ground, hung from a gallows by his feet, and then thrown into the sewers; and the laws were not abrogated till the Revolution, which, having founded so many other forms of freedom, accorded the liberty of death. [W.E.H. Lecky, "History of European Morals," 1869]
In England, suicides were legally criminal if of age and sane, but not if judged to have been mentally deranged. The criminal ones were mutilated by stake and given degrading burial in highways until 1823. Suicide blonde (one who has "dyed by her own hand") first attested 1921. Baseball suicide squeeze is attested from 1937.

1. They say it would be political suicide for the party to abstain.: 他们说这个政党弃权无异于自毁政治前程。

2. Adolescent suicide is rarely an impulsive reaction to immediate distress.: 青少年自杀很少是由于突然发生不幸而作出的冲动反应。

3. After the scandal was exposed, Dr Bailey committed suicide.: 丑闻曝光后，贝利博士自杀了。

4. More than once, depression drove him to attempt suicide.: 抑郁症使他不止一次地企图自杀。